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See also: Central High School
for schools of the same name.
Central High School
Enhancing The Tradition of Excellence
Location
306 South Bellevue Boulevard Memphis,TN 38104 Memphis, Tennessee, United States
Information
Type
Public
Established
1909
School district
Memphis City Schools
Principal
Gregory McCullough
Grades
9-12
Enrollment
1,870
School color(s)
Green Gold (color)
Mascot
Warriors
Nickname
The High School
Website
Memphis Central High side entrance
Central High School is a public high school (grades 9-12) in Memphis, Tennessee. Since it was founded in the early 1900s, it is often considered the first high school in Memphis; Central is often called “THE” High School. It is a part of the Memphis City Schools Optional School system where it is recognized as a school specializing in college preparatory programs. The principal is Mr. Gregory McCullough. Central’s mascot is the Warrior; the school colors are green and gold. For recognition as the successor to Memphis High School, the first high school in Memphis, Central High’s football team, rather than having artwork denoting the “Warrior” mascot, simply has a capital “H”, for THE High School
Contents
1History
2Tradition of Excellence
3Academics
4Demographics
5Extra-Curricular/Clubs and Organizations
6Noteworthy Alumni
7External links
8References
History
Central is the successor of the Memphis High School. Being the first high school in Memphis, which was founded in 1897 in a building on Poplar Avenue that became the headquarters of the Board of Education after Central High was completed. Central High has a long-standing tradition of excellence dating back to 1911, when the current building was erected on Raleigh Avenue (now Bellevue Blvd.) . Central High’s building is on the List of Registered Historic Places in Tennessee.
Tradition of Excellence
Central High School has traditions unique to any other school in Memphis. For example, Central’s fight song (Warrior Song) has been the same since 1936. The second part of the fight song (War Drum) was added later on in the 20th century. The original school building still exists, although expansions were added in 1970 and 2007.
Academics
Central High School offers a traditional program of academics as well as an Optional (Honors) program. The honors program is mainly for students who don’t live in the area around the school or who have excelled in traditional class. The optional program consists of taking certain classes, maintaining a certain GPA, and qualifying through various qualifying tests. Central offers one of the highest numbers of Advanced Placement classes in the city. Central is also considered to have one of the most rigorous academic progams of the Memphis City High Schools along with White Station and Ridgeway High School. In the 9th grade, Central offers a course called Intelligence Gifted, which is like an English Honors course but more difficult.
Demographics
Student statistics in 2008 show the following:
Students Per Teacher: 27, Enrollment: 1,870,
Breakdown by Ethnicity: White 9.1%, Black 86.0%, Hispanic 2.1%, Asian/Pacific Islander 2.8%, American Indian/Alaska Native 0.1%.
Central High School had an 88.3% graduation rate in 2008, compared with an 82.2% state average. Two years previously, Central was only graduating 77% of its students.
Extra-Curricular/Clubs and Organizations
Central High school is known for its many clubs in foreign language, volunteer/service, and honor societies. Central’s extracurricular activities include:
Concert Choir
Mixed Chorale
Warrior Band
Jazz Band
Color Guard (Flag Girls)
Cheerleading Squad
Dance Team
Baseball
Softball
Golf
Football
Girl’s Soccer
Boy’s Soccer
Volleyball
Boy’s Cross Country
Girl’s Cross Country
Boy’s Track
Girl’s Track
Lady Warriors Basketball
Warriors Basketball
Student Council
Class Officers
Youth Crusaders Club
Newspaper Staff
Yearbook Staff
Broadcasting/Media Concepts
French & Spanish Club
DECA
Bowling
JROTC
Mu Alpha Theta
National Honor Society
International Club
National Honor Society
Mock Trial Team
Key Club
Central’s concert choir under the direction of Mr. Gaylon Robinson has won many awards in the state and nation. Central’s band adopted their own mascot called “Sam”. (Spirit, Attitude, Musicionship) Central currently has two new band directors - Mr. Justin Johnson and Mr. Jeremy Quave. Central also has many athletic teams. The most notable are the softball team, the bowling team, cross country, basketball and track teams. The Lady Warrior Basketball team won the City Championships. The Student Council is also very notable in the city. The Student Council has done things nationally and internationally.
Noteworthy Alumni
Avron Fogelman - (Prominent Memphis Businessman)
Kevin “Ginji” Pickles - (Former MGO Superstar)
Kemmons Wilson - (Creator of the Holiday Inn)
Charita Moses - (Miss Tennessee and Miss USA 2nd Runner up)
Lashundra “Trenyce” Cobbins from c/o 1998 (American Idol Participant and Singer)
Devin Crutcher from c/o 1998 (Band member on “Making the Band” on MTV)
Sherry Mathis - (Broadway star, soap opera star-Search For Tomorrow)
Terry Manning - Music producer
William Sanderson (CHS ’62; ‘Larry’ on the Newhart show)
Alex Chilton (musician of the Box Tops – “The Letter”)
John Farris (CHS ’55; author “Harrison High”, a fictional account of Central High)
Bette Greene (CHS ’52; author “Summer of My German Soldier”)
William G. Leftwich, Jr. (Marine killed in Vietnam)
William F. Barnes (Football coach at UCLA)
Charles W. Burson (CHS ‘62; legal counsel and chief of staff to Vice-President Al Gore)
Jack Belz (CHS ‘45; real estate developer who restored the Peabody Hotel in Memphis )
^ http://www.schoolmatters.com/schools.aspx/q/page=sp/sid=94712 School Matters, Standard & Poor’s, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2008)
^ Rebik, Dana. MCS Dropout Rates: Parent Involvement Needed (11/11/2008).
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_High_School_(Memphis,_Tennessee)”
Categories: High schools in Tennessee | National Register of Historic Places in TennesseeHidden categories: Tennessee articles missing geocoordinate data | All articles needing coordinates
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This page was last modified on 14 December 2009 at 09:32.
The 3 arrondissements of the Isère department are:
Arrondissement of Grenoble, (prefecture of the Isère department: Grenoble) with 39 cantons and 297 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 655,074 in 1990, and was 696,326 in 1999, an increase of 6.3%.
Arrondissement of La Tour-du-Pin, (subprefecture: La Tour-du-Pin) with 11 cantons and 137 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 189,786 in 1990, and was 212,987 in 1999, an increase of 12.22%.
Arrondissement of Vienne, (subprefecture: Vienne) with 8 cantons and 99 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 171,368 in 1990, and was 184,693 in 1999, an increase of 7.78%.
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissements_of_the_Is%C3%A8re_department”
Categories: Arrondissements by departments of France | Arrondissements of Isère
This page was last modified on 14 August 2009 at 02:59.
Ichthys (sometimes spelled Ichthus, from Greek: ?????, capitalized ????? or ????C) is the ancient and classical Greek word for “fish”. In English it refers to a symbol consisting of two intersecting arcs, the ends of the right side extending beyond the meeting point so as to resemble the profile of a fish, said to have been used by Early Christians as a secret symbol and now known colloquially as the “sign of the fish” or the “Jesus fish.”
An early circular ichthys symbol, created by combining the Greek letters ?????, Ephesus.
The use of the Ichthys symbol by early Christians. Ichthys (?CH”THUS, Greek for fish) can be read as an acrostic, a word formed from the first letters of several words. It compiles to “Jesus Christ, God’s son, savior,” in ancient Greek “?????? ???????, ???? ?????, ?????“, I?sous Christos, Theou Huios, S?t?r.
Iota (i) is the first letter of I?sous (??????), Greek for “Jesus”.
Chi (ch) is the first letter of Christos (???????), Greek for “The anointed”.
Theta (th) is the first letter of Theou (????), Greek for “God’s”, the genitive case of ??ó?, Theos, Greek for “God”.
Ypsilon (y) is the first letter of yios (????), Greek for “Son”.
Sigma (s) is the first letter of s?t?r (?????), Greek for “Savior”.
Historians say the twentieth century use of the ichthys motif is an adaptation based on an Early Christian symbol which included a small cross for the eye or the Greek letters “?????“.
An ancient adaptation of ichthys is a wheel which contains the letters ????? superimposed such that the result resembles an eight-spoked wheel.
Fish in the Gospels
Fish are mentioned and given symbolic meaning several times in the Gospels. Several of Jesus’ twelve disciples were fishermen. He commissions them with the words “I will make you fishers of men”.
At the feeding of the five thousand, a boy is brought to Jesus with “five small loaves and two fish”. The question is asked, “But what are they, among so many?” Jesus multiplies the loaves and fish to feed the multitude.
In Matthew 13:47-50, the Parable of Drawing in the Net, Jesus compares God’s decision on who will go to heaven or to hell (”the fiery furnace”) at the end of this world to fishers sorting out their catch, keeping the good fish and throwing the bad fish away.
In John 21:11, it is related that the disciples fished all night but caught nothing. Jesus instructed them to cast the nets on the other side of the boat, and they drew in 153 fish.
A less commonly cited use of fish in Christ’s life may be found in the words of Matthew 17:24-27, in which, upon being asked if his Teacher does not pay the temple (two-drachma) tax, Simon Peter answers, “Yes.” Christ tells Peter to go to the water and cast a line. He says that a coin sufficient for the tax will be found in the fish’s mouth. Peter does as told and finds the coin.
The early church
The ichthys is seen in first century catacombs in Rome.
According to tradition, ancient Christians, during their persecution by the Roman Empire in the first few centuries after Christ, used the fish symbol to mark meeting places and tombs, or to distinguish friends from foes:
…when a Christian met a stranger in the road, the Christian sometimes drew one arc of the simple fish outline in the dirt. If the stranger drew the other arc, both believers knew they were in good company. Current bumper-sticker and business-card uses of the fish hearken back to this practice. The symbol is still used today to show that the bearer is a practicing Christian.
—Christianity Today, Elesha Coffman, “Ask the Editors” ,
Funerary stele with the inscription ????C ?????? (”fish of the living”), early 3rd century, National Roman Museum
There are several other hypotheses as to why the fish was chosen. Some sources indicate that the earliest literary references came from the recommendation of Clement of Alexandria to his readers (Paedagogus, III, xi) to engrave their seals with the dove or fish. However, it can be inferred from Roman monumental sources such as the Capella Greca and the Sacrament Chapels of the catacomb of St. Callistus that the fish symbol was known to Christians much earlier. Another probable explanation is that it is a reference to the scripture in which Jesus miraculously feeds 5,000 people with fish and bread (Matthew 14:15-21, Mark 6:30-44, Luke 9:12-17, and John 6:4-13). The ichthys may also relate to Jesus or his disciples as “fishers of men” (e.g., Mark 1:17). Tertullian, in his treatise On Baptism, makes a pun on the word, writing that “we, little fishes, after the example of our ????? Jesus Christ, are born in water.”
Pre-Christian Use
Fish may have been used as symbols before Christianity, possibly representing several goddesses; it has been associated with Aphrodite, Atargatis, Dagon, Ephesus, Isis, Delphine, and Pelagia. Barbara Walker, in her book The Woman’s Dictionary of Symbols and Sacred Objects, suggests that Ichthys was the son of the sea goddess Atargatis and that his symbol was a representation of sexuality and fertility.
Revival and adaptations of the symbol
The Fish Mission
The 20th century popular revival of the ichthys symbol dates from 1965. At this time the Evangelical Union at Sydney University, a branch of the Australian Fellowship of Evangelical Students, confronted by the disenchantment of students brought on by the Vietnam War and a perceived anti-Christian sentiment within the university, held a mission to students. The committee in charge of the promotions of the activity looked for a symbol which was distinctly Christian and which might excite curiosity by its apparent novelty and decided upon this ancient sign, which was drawn simply with two arcs, and no inscription.
Traditionally, up-coming events at the university were advertised in chalk on the bitumen paths. The campaign for the Fish Mission began by drawing the ichthys symbol on pavements all around the university. Silk-screen prints in bright colors on a white background were stuck with flour glue to the rises of walkway stairs throughout the campus. The unexplained early campaign provoked much speculation and interest. Querulous cartoons appeared in the student newspaper Honi Soit. As the advertising campaign progressed, more information was revealed.
Following the success of the Fish Mission publicity campaign, the Australian Fellowship of Evangelical Students used the symbol more widely on campuses around Australia. From Christian Unions of students it quickly spread to the churches.
Bumper sticker
Members of the University of Queensland Evangelical Union used the ichthys symbol when they formed a temporary Christian commune to be a witnessing presence at the Aquarius Rock Festival at Nimbin in May, 1973. From this time the display of the ichthys symbol, sometimes in combination with an Aquarius Festival sticker in the rear window of Kombi vans became common. The car bumper sticker followed quickly.
The symbol was rapidly adopted for use by other Christian bodies within Australia such as the Church Mission Society from whose shop near St. Andrew’s Cathedral, Sydney could be purchased small items of jewelry with the ichthys motif. From Sydney the use of the motif was taken to Asia by university students who had been resident at International House which had close ties with the A.F.E.S.. The ichthys symbol was soon in use among Christians across the world.
Numerous parody bumper stickers and badges have also appeared (see below).
Popular culture
The “Jesus Fish” has become an icon of modern Christianity. Today, it can be seen as a decal or emblem on the rear of automobiles or as pendants or necklaces as a sign to the world that the owner is a Christian. It is incorporated into business logos or in business advertisements and listings in telephone books. It is also seen on clothing. Versions of this include an Ichthys with “Jesus” or “?????” in the center, or simply the Ichthys outline by itself. This badge may also be seen in e-mail signatures with the symbols “<><”.
Music Festival
Ichthus Music Festival is an annual large outdoor Christian music festival is held every year in mid-June in the town of Wilmore, Kentucky.
Parodies of the ichthys symbol
A Darwin fish is an Ichthys with stylized legs
Main article: Parodies of the ichthys symbol
Distortions of the Ichthys symbol in modern culture rely on its use as a “Jesus fish” symbol of Christianity. Examples include:
An ichthys-style symbol with legs, representing naturalistic evolution. Occasionally it has “Darwin” printed inside.
A stylized symbol for the “Flying Spaghetti Monster”, the deity of a parody religion called The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster and its system of beliefs, “Pastafarianism”.
An ichthys-style symbol with the word “gefilte” written inside, a reference to the common Jewish food, gefilte fish.
A “Viking” fish carrying a shield and wearing a horned helmet, with two icthys at the end of a spear, (among other variations) is sold on T-shirts and coffee cups by CafePress.
An ichthys-style symbol with a shark fin with the word Linux inside.
In email signatures as “<++<” symbolizing the ichthys being reduced to its bones.
An ichthys-style symbol with tentacles on the face of the fish, with or without legs and/or wings, and the name of H. P. Lovecraft’s fictional deity Cthulhu written inside.
^“Origin of the “Christian” Fish Symbol”. albatrus.org. http://www.albatrus.org/english/religions/pagan/origin_fish_symbol.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
^“Fish (ichthus), cross, and crucifix”. religioustolerance.org. http://www.religioustolerance.org/chr_symb.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-27.
^ From 1932 to 1967 a mysterious person had walked the streets of Sydney writing the word “Eternity” in a flowing Copperplate hand. His identity became known as Arthur Stace and after his death students from the National Art School cut a stencil from his writing and painted the word all around the footpaths of Sydney, including several examples at Sydney University. This, in part, provided inspiration for the apparently-mysterious use of the ichthys symbol.
^Mark D. Stucky (Summer 2006). “Middle Earth’s Messianic Mythology Remixed: Gandalf’s Death and Resurrection in Novel and Film”. Journal of Religion and Popular CultureXIII. http://www.usask.ca/relst/jrpc/art13-middleearthmyth-print.html.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ichthys
Look up ichthys in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Coins of the Emperor Augustus
Coins of the Emperor Domitian
Darwin fish symbols on cars are an act of ‘ritual aggression’
earlychristians.org on early Christians in general including martyrdom
Ichthus Christian Fellowship A large Christian organisation in the UK led by Roger Forster
Ichthus Music Festival The longest running Christian music festival in the nation having been started in 1970 as a Christian response to Woodstock.
Origin of the “Christian” Fish Symbol
Principal Christian Symbols: The Fish (Ichthus), Cross & Crucifix Extensive explanations on several popular Christian symbols, including the ichthys
Symbolism of the Fish - Catholic Encyclopedia article
The Harvard Ichthus, Journal of Christian Thought
What do the symbols hide?, by sociologist Ieva Cepulkauskaite. A site giving brief descriptions of the origins and histories of various symbols, including the ichthys.
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthys”
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This page was last modified on 6 February 2010 at 21:54.
(Redirected from St. Jonas Day)
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Celebration of Saint Jonas’ Festival in Vepriai
Saint Jonas’ Festival (aka: Rasos (Dew Holiday), Jonin?s, Kupol?, Midsummer Day or St. John’s Day) is a midsummer folk festival celebrated on June 24th all around Lithuania. While midsummer day is celebrated throughout Europe, many Lithuanians have a particularly lively agenda on this day. The traditions include singing songs and dancing until the sun sets, telling tales, searching to find the magic fern blossom at midnight, jumping over bonfires, greeting the rising midsummer sun and washing the face with a morning dew, young girls float flower wreaths on the water of river or lake. These are customs brought from pagan culture and beliefs. The latter Christian tradition is based on the reverence of Saint John. Lithuanians with the names Jonas, Jon?, Janina receive many greetings from their family, relatives and friends.
See also
Kupol?
Ivan Kupala Day
J??i
Jaaniõhtu
References
(Lithuanian) Pagan rituals and meaning of Rasos
This festival-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v•d•e
This Lithuania-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v•d•e
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Jonas%27_Festival”
Categories: Festival stubs | Lithuania stubs | Festivals in Lithuania | June observances | Summer holidays
(Redirected from Duncan Macleod)
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Highlander character
Duncan MacLeod
Portrayed by
Adrian Paul, Jeremy Beck
Born
1592
Immortality
1622
Teacher
Connor MacLeod
Appearances
Highlander: The Series, Highlander: Endgame, Highlander: The Source
Duncan MacLeod, also known as the Highlander, is a fictional character from the Highlander multiverse. Duncan MacLeod serves as the protagonist for the TV continuity of the Highlander franchise, which is comprised of Highlander: The Series and its spin-off movies, Highlander: Endgame and Highlander: The Source. An Immortal, he is portrayed by British actor Adrian Paul.
Highlander: The Series was originally created to carry on directly from the movies with Paul playing the same character Christopher Lambert had played in the movie, but early in development, Paul requested that a new character be created to avoid direct comparisons with Lambert and to allow him to develop his own character. Consequently, Duncan MacLeod is introduced in the pilot episode as Connor MacLeod’s clansman and pupil, and the series focuses on his own life over four centuries.
Contents
1Fictional character biography
2Characteristics
2.1Personality and traits
2.2Fighting skills
3Duncan MacLeod in The Game
4Watchers
5Appearances
6Trivia
7References
8External links
Fictional character biography
The show does not tell Duncan’s story in chronological order. Instead, the primary sequence of events is set in a present time which actually corresponds to the years during which the six seasons were filmed, i.e. 1992-1998, and extensive use of flashbacks is made to show Duncan’s memories and their implications in present time.
It is established in the pilot episode “The Gathering”, set in 1992, that Duncan is almost 400 years old and thus was born in 1592 during a battle in Glenfinnan, Scotland to a woman who had been part of an army engaged in attacking the Scottish Highlands.
In the second episode, “Family Tree”, Duncan’s father and Chieftain of Clan MacLeod, Ian MacLeod, states that the newborn Duncan was a foundling given to his wife Mary to replace the stillborn son she had delivered, and raised to be his successor.
The same episode also shows how Duncan is brought home fatally wounded in battle, dies in front of his father, and awakens with his wounds completely healed. Because his family believes his resurrection is a sign of witchcraft, he is cast out from his clan after being disowned by his adoptive father. The Watcher Chronicle of this episode states that it happens in 1622 during a dispute with the Clan Campbell.
In “The Gathering”, Duncan and Connor MacLeod explain how Connor, who had undergone a similar ordeal in 1536, found Duncan in 1625, told him about his immortality and became his mentor.
The Series’ various flashbacks show Duncan live through many adventures across four centuries, including visiting Renaissance France and Italy (”The Hunters”), traveling to China (”The Road Not Taken”), witnessing the French Revolution, becoming a Sioux warrior (”The Gathering”), fighting in World War I (”For Tomorrow We Die”) and II (”Mortal Sins”), and generally fighting for justice against evil. In 1815 at the Battle of Waterloo, he meets Immortal Darius who has rejected war, and never fights in war as a soldier again. The Series especially focuses on adventures shared with friends Amanda and Hugh “Fitz” Fitzcairn.
Richie, Amanda, and Duncan
During his life, Duncan meets and learns many things from many people that mold him to become a great Immortal. He meets many other Immortals: some become mentors, some become friends and some become enemies. Beginning as a reckless, uneducated, and somewhat arrogant man, he gradually changes and matures as he travels the world until he becomes the wise, educated and compassionate character of present times. He is an expert in many subjects, fluent in many languages (Gaelic, English, French, Italian, Russian, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, German, and Arabic) and skilled in many forms of martial arts. He has had many occupations including soldier, bodyguard, newspaper editor, World War I ambulance driver, chauffeur, and World War II Resistance fighter. More recently he is an antiques dealer, a dojo owner and a part-time History teacher.
1992-1998 is a critical period for Duncan. Being the years during which the Series was filmed, they are also the years in which the Series’ “present time” is set and thus depict many important events in his life. The pilot episode “The Gathering” shows Duncan returning to The Game after a period of semi-retirement with his girlfriend Tessa Noël and a meeting with clansman and mentor Connor MacLeod. Across the Series Duncan meets many old friends and enemies again, many old debts are repaid between them and Duncan kills many Immortals. He loses people he cares about, including Tessa, the love of his life (”The Darkness”), Immortal friends Darius (”The Hunters”) and Hugh Fitzcairn (”Star-Crossed”), and mortal friend Charlie DeSalvo (”Brothers in Arms”). He befriends Richie Ryan (”The Gathering”), mentors him after his First Death (”The Darkness”) and teaches him the ways of the Immortals, then accidentally kills him in 1997 (”Archangel”). He meets Joe Dawson, who reveals to him that there is an organization known as The Watchers who secretly observes all Immortals (”The Watchers”). He also meets Methos, the legendary oldest Immortal (”Methos”), and eventually defeats the demon Ahriman (”Armageddon”).
Because Highlander was a syndicated series including European producers, the first part of each season was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia and the second part in Paris, France. This is why Duncan travels back-and-forth every six months.
In Highlander: Endgame, it is revealed that Immortal Jacob Kell has spent the last four centuries killing all people close to Connor MacLeod because Connor had killed Kell’s adoptive father. He also gathered a posse of Immortals who would overpower other Immortals, allowing Kell to then enter and take their heads. In the 1990s, Connor hid in a place called The Sanctuary, where Immortals were protected from The Game by the Watchers. Ten years after Rachel’s death, Kell attacked the Sanctuary, and Connor was believed to be dead along with the other Immortals sheltered there. Duncan has visions of this evil act and investigates. He discovers Connor had been spared by Kell, so as to make his life even more of a misery. Kell wants to kill Duncan only to agonize Connor further, and given the number of Quickenings he has received, he would succeed in doing so. Therefore, Connor forces Duncan to kill him, to absorb his power, thereby enabling Duncan to defeat Kell. Duncan once again has to lose a friend but in the end he understands that Connor’s death was necessary and it was the only possible way for him to kill Kell. Duncan buried Connor in the Scottish Highlands, in Glencoe, next to his first wife Heather’s remains.
In Highlander: The Source, Duncan has married a mortal woman named Anna, and has since separated from her. He is reunited with her at the Elder’s monastery, and he joins in the quest to reach the Source after the death of Joe Dawson. As he grows close to the Source, he becomes mortal along with the other Immortals in the group (which includes Methos). Soon after making love to Anna, he overcomes the Guardian and enters the Source with her. She reveals to him that she is pregnant with their child.
For an accurate account of Duncan’s life, see Duncan MacLeod Timeline.
Characteristics
Personality and traits
Duncan is portrayed as being tall and brown-haired. Like all Immortals, his aging process stopped at the moment of his First Death when he was 3 months away from his 30th birthday. Thus he’s been looking like a man in his early thirties for four hundred years and will do so until, if ever, he is beheaded. His injuries heal very quickly and when he is killed by any means other than beheading, he revives some time later fully healthy again.
Duncan was raised to be the next chieftain of his clan and this fact influenced his personality. He has a strong moral conscience and a sense of nobility; he protects the weak and innocent and punishes the evildoers. He is known to be very loyal. He is referred to by more than one character as a “Boy Scout” and tends to see things in terms of black and white, being often criticized - sometimes in jest, sometimes not - for his rigid sense of honor and his determination to intervene in events that often place him in danger. He feels responsible for others and when he thinks people died because of him, he feels he has to avenge them. He mentors new Immortals even when he has doubts about them. Like all Immortals, he is unable to have children but he likes them and takes care of those he meets. He is very respected by both mortals and Immortals and considered by some to be one of the prime contenders for The Prize.
Duncan enjoys life. As Connor said, he has “all the fun and most of the good women”. Although he is a womanizer, he shares his life with a few women he grows to love. Those who are mortal, he remains loyal to their memories and cherishes the moments he had with them. He is a perfectionist and keen to learn new things, be it reading, playing Shakespeare or fighting skills (see below). He is cunning and very difficult to catch because he has experienced most of everything life has to offer. He has a very good memory and can remember things that happened centuries ago.
As an Immortal, Duncan takes The Game with a grain of salt. He fulfills his duty and defends his head when he is challenged but he is not bloodthirsty and occasionally spares his opponents, especially female Immortals. Indeed, he does not hunt other Immortals for their heads, but he fights evil ones if they attack people he cares about. As he tells Alexei Voshin, “if you harm people I care about, I’ll send you to hell the hard way”. Unlike Connor, for example, he does not consider The Game his primary purpose in life and sometimes retires from it.
Duncan is not prejudiced against mortals (Indeed, despising mortals is an attribute of most evil Immortals). Duncan is generally very generous to mortals, and almost always tries to avoid hurting them. Being four hundred years old, he has seen dozens of them age and die and thus acutely, and sometimes bitterly knows how fragile they are. “I have mourned more friends than I can count. Death is part of my life.” For this reason, he protects them, especially from evil Immortals and from the dangerous consequences The Game can have for them. He feels they have nothing to do with it and should not suffer from it. He doesn’t usually tell them about his immortality except when he trusts them with his life. He never gets used to death, especially the death of his lovers. As he tells Tessa : “No matter how many years go by. Or how many times you say goodbye to those you care most about, when they leave, you…” “…yes. When they die, you’re naked and alone.” But it never prevents him from involving himself in life again.
Jeremy Beck as young Duncan
After becoming a mentor to Richie, he matures into something of a father-figure, with a stronger, more confident outlook on life. After Richie’s death, he becomes a darker, brooding character acutely aware of the fragility of life and his participation in The Game decreases.
Despite the fact that he was exiled from his own clan after his First Death in 1622, he remains proud of, and faithful to, his Scottish heritage. He usually introduces himself to other Immortals as “Duncan MacLeod of the Clan MacLeod” and fought for Scottish independence whenever he could, including the Battle of Culloden in 1746 (”Take Back the Night”), eventually trying to steal the Stone of Scone in 1950 (”The Stone of Scone”).
Executive Producer Bill Panzer thinks, “once you’ve hurt him, he doesn’t forget. And Immortals have a long time to remember, and sooner or later you will cross his path.”
Fighting skills
Duncan considers himself “an old soldier” and fighting has been part of his life since the beginning, when he was raised to be a warrior. Being a perfectionist, he always seeks to improve himself and never misses an occasion to learn new skills. He first learned swordsmanship (he can fight with both hands), then discovered martial arts during his travels in the lands of East Asia. His sword is a katana, featuring a Dragon’s Head, which was given by Samurai warrior Hideo Koto over 200 years ago during his travels to Japan. Duncan should have inherited the Claymore of his (adoptive) father, Chieftain of the Clan MacLeod, but because he was exiled the sword was instead kept within the clan. (In one episode he finds his father’s claymore hanging as an antique in a Scottish tavern, and uses it to kill the immortal who killed his father some time after he was exiled) In fact, Duncan usually tries to avoid killing mortals even when he is forced to fight them, and goes out of his way to use non-lethal methods. Although MacLeod has fought in many armed conflicts and is skilled with firearms, he is reluctant to use them and rarely does so throughout the series.
Duncan is an exceptionally excellent swordsman among Immortals. Although he is not one of the oldest Immortals in the Game, he has defeated numerous Immortals who are much older than himself, and many villainous Immortals, both male and female, with utterly fearsome reputations.
Duncan MacLeod in The Game
In the TV series continuity, Duncan is the favourite to win The Prize. In Highlander: Endgame it is established that Duncan has taken 176 heads. Here’s the list of all of Duncan’s known Quickenings:
Timothy of Gilliam1, 1625 (”Archangel”)
Unknown British Soldier², 1632 (Scotland The Brave)
Nerissa, 1632 (The Element Of Fire)
Michel de Bourgogne, 1670 (”Unholy Alliance”)
Charles Browning, 1730 (”Counterfeit”)
Nasiradeen Satish, 1781 (The Path)
Violane Armand, 1842 (Shadow Of Obsession)
Danny O’Donal, 1889 (White Silence)
Khordas, 1897 (The Element Of Fire)
Aziz Mirza Bey, 1917 (Scimitar)
Farid Al’Zafir ibn Muhunnad, 1917 (Scimitar)
Marcus Korolus, 1925 (”See No Evil”)
Richard Tarsis, 1930 (”Reasonable Doubt”)
Slan Quince, 1992 (”The Gathering”)
Howard Crowley, 1992 (”Innocent Man”)
Caleb Cole, 1992 (”Mountain Men”)
Alexei Voshin³, 1992 (”The Sea Witch”)
Walter Reinhardt, 1992 (”Revenge Is Sweet”)
Andrew Ballin, 1993 (”Eyewitness”)
Grayson, 1993 (”Band Of Brothers”)
Christoph Kuyler, 1993 (”For Evil’s Sake”)
Carlo Sendaro4, 1993 (”Saving Grace”)
Gabriel Piton, 1993 (”Eye of the Beholder”)
Alfred Cahill, 1993 (”Avenging Angel”)
Michael Moore, 1993 (”Turnabout”)
Anthony Gallen, 1994 (”Epitaph for Tommy”)
Tommy Sullivan, 1994 (”The Fighter”)
Xavier St. Cloud, 1994 (”Unholy Alliance Part Two”)
Nicholas Ward, 1994 ( “The Vampire”)
Artur Drakov, 1994 (”Warmonger”)
Nefertiri, 1994 (”Pharaoh’s Daughter”)
Luther, 1994 (”Legacy”)
Martin Hyde, 1994 (”Prodigal Son”)
Michael Kent, 1994 (”The Samurai”)
Kern, 1994 (”Line of Fire”)
Paul Karros, 1994 (”The Revolutionary”)
John Durgan, 1994 (”The Cross of St. Antoine”)
Axel Whittaker, 1994 (”Rite of Passage”)
Brian Cullen, 1994 (”Courage”)
John Garrick, 1994 (”Shadows”)
Peter Matlin, 1994 (”Blackmail”)
Lyman Kurlow, 1994 (”Blackmail”)
Michael Christian, 1994 (”They Also Serve”)
Ernst Daimler, 1995 (”Mortal Sins”)
Lucas Kagan, 1995 (”Reasonable Doubt”)
Antonius Kalas, 1995 (”Finale Part 2″)
Kanwulf, 1995 (”Homeland”)
Andrew Cord, 1995 (”Brothers in Arms”)
Tyler King, 1995 (”The Innocent”)
Peter Kanis, 1995 (”Leader of the Pack”)
Terence Kincaid, 1995 (”Reunion”)
Colonel Simon Killian, 1995 (”The Colonel”)
Paul Kinman, 1995 (”Reluctant Heroes”)
Kamir, 1995 (”The Wrath of Kali”)
Annie Devlin, 1996 (Highlander: Scotland the Brave)
James Douglas, 1996 (Highlander: Scotland the Brave)
James Coltec, 1996 (”Something Wicked”)
Sean Burns, 1996 (”Deliverance”)
Damon Case, 1996 (”The Immortal Cimoli”)
Morgan D’Estaing, 1996 (”Double Jeopardy”)
Avram Mordecai, 1996 (Highlander: Zealot)
Jacob Galati5, 1996 (”One Minute to Midnight”)
Roland Kantos, 1996 (”Prophecy”)
Haresh Clay, 1996 (”The End of Innocence”)
Johnny ‘K’ Kelly, 1996 (”Glory Days”)
Gerard Kragen, 1996 (”Haunted”)
Taro Honda, 1996 (Measure of a Man)
Niccolò Machiavelli, 1996 (Measure of a Man)
Gavriel Larca, 1996 (”Little Tin God”)
Ingrid Henning, 1997 (”The Valkyrie”)
Caspian, 1997 (”Revelation 6:8″)
Kronos6, 1997 (”Revelation 6:8″)
Callestina, 1997 (Shadow of Obsession)
Otavio Consone, 1997 (”Duende”)
Lord Byron, 1997 (”The Modern Prometheus”)
Richie Ryan, 1997 (”Archangel”)
Devon Marek, 1998 (”Black Tower”)
Liam O’Rourke, 1998 (”Not To Be”)
Connor MacLeod, 2004 (Highlander: Endgame)
Jacob Kell, 2004 (Highlander: Endgame)
1Gilliam beheads himself. Duncan’s first Quickening.
²Duncan’s first beheading.
³Beheaded by a propeller blade.
4Beheaded by a train.
5Beheaded by Watcher Jack Shapiro.
6Double Quickening with Methos who beheaded Silas at the same time.
Watchers
Here’s a list of all of Duncan’s known Watchers:
Years
Watcher
1634-1636
Andrew Murray
1636-1648
Giancarlo LoFrano
Jun 1659-Mar 1660
Giselle Dupin
1662-1675
William Raleigh
1712-1731
Alfred Rockingham
1741-Sep 1753
Robert McNeil
1754-1764
No Watcher assigned
1764-1766
Jagdish Bhailal
1778
Nathaniel Watt
1783-1784
Babette and Henri LaSalle
1784-1796
Clive Bertram
1802-1805
Barbara Matson
1805-1809
Patrick Finton
1814-1817
Rodney MacFergus
1818-1829
Ernest Sturdivant
1832-1837
Timothy Delaney
1837-Aug 1847
Henri Albert
Aug 1847-Jan 1848
Remi Vijayha
1853-1856
Marshal Bowen
1861-1866
Dr. Matthew Hopkins
1866-1867
Roberto Chavez
1867-1868
John L. Slocum
1882-1893
Samuel Bruckner
1896-1910
Donald Buchanan
1917-1919
Andrew Gaylor
1919-1929
Bill Lipscomb
1930-1934
Didier Cloque
??-1936-??
Hans Schultz
??-1937-??
Ernesto Ferdinand
1938-1940
Sarah Panzer
1940
George Bixby
1942-1944
Marjolaine LaMerc
1945-1952
Jane Owen
1957-1968
Renée Ginsburg
??-1975-??
Sister Mary Ignatius
1976-1979
Anthony Klasky
1979-May 1996
Joe Dawson
May 1996
David Shapiro
May 1996-2008
Joe Dawson
Appearances
Movies - Highlander: Endgame, Highlander: The Source
Episodes - “The Gathering”, “Family Tree”, “The Road Not Taken”, “Innocent Man”, “Free Fall”, “Bad Day in Building A”, “Mountain Men”, “Deadly Medicine”, “The Sea Witch”, “Revenge is Sweet”, “See No Evil”, “Eyewitness”, “Band of Brothers”, “For Evil’s Sake”, “For Tomorrow We Die”, “The Beast Below”, “Saving Grace”, “The Lady and the Tiger”, “Eye of the Beholder”, “Avenging Angel”, “Nowhere to Run”, “The Hunters”, “The Watchers”, “Studies in Light”, “Turnabout”, “The Darkness”, “Eye For An Eye”, “The Zone”, “The Return of Amanda”, “Revenge of the Sword”, “Run For Your Life”, “Epitaph for Tommy”, “The Fighter”, “Under Color of Authority”, “Bless the Child”, “Unholy Alliance”, “Unholy Alliance Part Two”, “The Vampire”, “Warmonger”, “Pharaoh’s Daughter”, “Legacy”, “Prodigal Son”, “Counterfeit”, “Counterfeit Part Two”, “The Samurai”, “Line of Fire”, “The Revolutionary”, “The Cross of St. Antoine”, “Rite of Passage”, “Courage”, “The Lamb”, “Obsession”, “Shadows”, “Blackmail”, “Vendetta”, “They Also Serve”, “Blind Faith”, “Song of the Executioner”, “Star-Crossed”, “Methos”, “Take Back the Night”, “Testimony”, “Mortal Sins”, “Reasonable Doubt”, “Finale”, “Finale Part 2″, “Homeland”, “Brothers in Arms”, “The Innocent”, “Leader of the Pack”, “Double Eagle”, “Reunion”, “The Colonel”, “Reluctant Heroes”, “The Wrath of Kali”, “Chivalry”, “Timeless”, “The Blitz”, “Something Wicked”, “Deliverance”, “Promises”, “Methuselah’s Gift”, “The Immortal Cimoli”, “Through A Glass, Darkly”, “Double Jeopardy”, “Till Death”, “Judgement Day”, “One Minute to Midnight”, “Prophecy”, “The End of Innocence”, “Manhunt”, “Glory Days”, “Dramatic License”, “Money No Object”, “Haunted”, “Little Tin God”, “The Messenger”, “The Valkyrie”, “Comes a Horseman”, “Revelation 6:8″, “The Ransom of Richard Redstone”, “Duende”, “The Stone of Scone”, “Forgive Us Our Trespasses”, “The Modern Prometheus”, “Archangel”, “Avatar”, “Armageddon”, “Sins of the Father”, “Diplomatic Immunity”, “Patient Number 7″, “Black Tower”, “Unusual Suspects”, “Justice”, “Deadly Exposure”, “To Be”, “Not To Be”
Books - The Element of Fire, Scimitar, Scotland the Brave, Measure of a Man, The Path, Zealot, Shadow of Obsession, The Captive Soul, White Silence, An Evening at Joe’s
Trivia
Lists of miscellaneous information should be avoided. Please relocate any relevant information into appropriate sections or articles. (November 2007)
He drove a black 1964 Ford Thunderbird Convertible when he was in Seacouver. In Paris, he drove a black 1968 Citroën DS. In 1998, he traded in the Citroen and purchased a green 1997 Range Rover.
The character ‘Duncan MacLeod’ was ranked #11 in TV Guide’s list of the “25 Greatest Sci-Fi Legends” (1 August 2004).
Unlike many Immortals, he never seems to use aliases.
Duncan, on occasion, passes himself off as his own son/grandson named after his “father”/”grandfather.” In one episode he uses make-up to appear 20 years older when he has to do business with people he had known in the 1970s. Duncan also moves around every few years, keeps a low profile, and has been shown to be an expert at computer hacking and altering official records. These aspects were written into the series to explain how Duncan remains undetected.
A cocktail was named after Duncan MacLeod.
References
^ abc Episode “The Gathering”, Bonus material, Article: “Duncan MacLeod”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 1.
^ abcdefgh Episode “The Gathering”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 1.
^ Episode “Family Tree”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 1
^ Episode “Family Tree”, Bonus Material, Watcher Chronicle, article: Duncan MacLeod-1622, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 1.
^ The date is from the Watcher Chronicle in Highlander: The Series (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 1, episode “The Gathering”, bonus materials.
^ Episode “The Road Not Taken”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 1
^ See an example of Quickening healing an injury in the episode “Deadly Medicine”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 3.
^ Episode “Free Fall”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, David-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 2.
^ Episode “The Sea Witch”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 3.
^ Episode “The Hunters”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 8.
^ Episode “Revenge is Sweet”, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, David-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 4.
^ Episode “For Evil’s Sake”, Bonus Material, Bill Panzer’s interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, David-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 5.
^ episode “Bad Day in Building A“, in Highlander: The Series (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2001), disc 2.
External links
Highlander: Endgame at the Internet Movie Database
Highlander: The Source at the Internet Movie Database
Highlander: The Series at the Internet Movie Database
v•d•e
Highlander
Films
Highlander (1986) ·Highlander II: The Quickening (1991) · Highlander III: The Final Dimension (1994) ·Highlander: Endgame (2000) · Highlander: The Source (2005) ·Highlander (2010)
TV series
Highlander: The Series (1992-1998) (List of episodes · Season 1 · Season 2 · Season 3 · Season 4 · Season 5 · Season 6) ·Highlander: The Raven (1998-1999) (List of episodes)
Animation
Highlander: The Animated Series (1994-1996) ·The Methos Chronicles (2001) ·Highlander: The Search for Vengeance (2007)
Books
The Element of Fire ·Scimitar ·Scotland the Brave ·Measure of a Man ·The Path ·Zealot ·Shadow of Obsession ·The Captive Soul ·White Silence ·An Evening at Joe’s
Comics
Highlander (comics) ·Highlander: Way of the Sword
Video games
Highlander ·Highlander: The Last of the MacLeods ·Highlander: The Game
Main characters
Connor MacLeod ·Duncan MacLeod
Supporting characters
Heather MacLeod · Juan Sánchez Villa-Lobos Ramírez · Rachel Ellenstein · Tessa Noël · Darius · Hugh Fitzcairn · Charlie DeSalvo · Maurice Lalonde · Anne Lindsey · Richie Ryan · Amanda · Joe Dawson · Methos · Nick Wolfe
Enemies
The Kurgan · James Horton · Kronos · Silas · Caspian · Four Horsemen · Ahriman
Lists
Characters · Screenshots
Other
The Immortals · The Quickening · The Watchers · Seacouver ·A Kind of Magic
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_MacLeod”
Categories: Highlander characters | Fictional immortals | Highlander immortals | Fictional martial artists | Fictional soldiers | Fictional World War I veterans | Fictional American Civil War veterans | Fictional sword fighters | Fictional Scottish peopleHidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from February 2007 | Articles with trivia sections from November 2007 | All articles with trivia sections
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This page was last modified on 4 February 2010 at 14:17.
This article is an orphan, as few or no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; suggestions are available. (February 2009)
Negerpunk is a musical genre tag listed in modern music player software such as XMMS, Audacity and Easytag. It was not included in Eric Kemp’s original 80 genres for ID3, but was added by Nullsoft as number 133 in their extended version.
Negerpunk is German, Dutch and Scandinavian for “negro punk”, a derogatory term which is not a known genre and appears to have been added as a joke by the developers.
^ O’Neill, Dan, “ID3v1 - ID3.org”, id3.org (Oct 29, 2006).
External links
The negerpunk tag at Last.fm
This article about a music genre is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v•d•e
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negerpunk”
Categories: Music genre stubsHidden categories: Orphaned articles from February 2009 | All orphaned articles
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This page was last modified on 23 December 2009 at 03:18.
This article does not cite any references or sources.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2008)
The Architecture of Central Asia, which is generally considered as comprising Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan has been influenced by a diverse array of architectural traditions such as Russian architecture during the eras of tsarist and Soviet rule, Islamic architecture which came earlier, Persian architecture, and Chinese architecture.
Timurid architecture is the pinnacle of Islamic art in Central Asia. Spectacular and stately edifices erected by Timur and his successors in Samarkand and Herat helped to disseminate the influence of the Ilkhanid school of art in India, thus giving rise to the celebrated Moghol school of architecture. Timurid architecture started with the sanctuary of Ahmed Yasawi in present-day Kazakhstan and culminated in Timur’s mausoleum Gur-e Amir in Samarkand. The style is largely derived from Persian architecture. Axial symmetry is a characteristic of all major Timurid structures, notably the Shah-e Zendah in Samarkand and the mosque of Gowhar Shad in Meshed. Double domes of various shapes abound, and the outsides are perfused with brilliant colors.
Persian architecture
Due to the long tradition of Persian influence in Central Asia, many significant buildings in the Persian tradition are located there. Examples of these include the Minaret of Jam.
See also
Architecture of Mongolia
Khan Shatyry
This Central Asia-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v•d•e
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Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Central_Asia”
Categories: Architecture by country | Central Asia | Central Asia stubs | Architectural style stubsHidden categories: Articles lacking sources from October 2008 | All articles lacking sources
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Rossi”
Categories: 1905 births | 1993 deaths | University of Bologna alumni | University of Florence faculty | University of Padua faculty | University of Chicago faculty | Cornell University faculty | Italian astronomers | Manhattan Project people | National Medal of Science laureates | Particle physicists | People from Venice (city) | Wolf Prize in Physics laureates
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This page was last modified on 19 December 2009 at 12:25.
The Penrose Annual was a London-based review of graphic arts, printed nearly annually from 1895 to 1982.
The information for this Wikipedia entry comes primarily from a 2006 article, By Printers for Printers by Steve Hare printed in Eye magazine, No. 60, Vol. 15, Summer 2006.
Penrose began in 1895 as Process Work Yearbook – Penrose’s Annual. Lund Humphries has printed the publication since 1897 and has been responsible for its content since 1906. Lund Humphries adoption of Monotype technology in 1906 influenced the production of Penrose: “It soon became a policy to try out each of Monotype’s new types in Penrose.”
The 1938 edition was notable for its text and binding designed by Jan Tschichold. Articles in issues from that era were authored by Beatrice Warde, Stanley Morison, Moholy-Nagy, Nikolaus Pevsner and other leading design writers. Allan Delafons edited Penrose from 1958 through 1962. Lund Humphries then had Typographica editor Herbert Spencer edit the annual from 1964 through 1973. Spencer’s modernist impact on the Penrose was immediate: his first cover is printed with a stark gothic sans serif at roughly a 40° angle to the spine. Penrose’s content was significant in bridging technical aspects of printing and artistic aspects of design. According to St Bride librarian Nigel Roche, “Its importance then was largely as a link between disparate areas of the trade. Its importance today is in the seminal articles that it published that still have reference value: monographs on individuals; articles on various matters of typesetting.”
The publication was most substantial (in size and influence) in the 1950s and 1960s.
Contents
1Annuals and years
2References
3See also
4Notes
Annuals and years
Annuals 8–21 were published annually and correlate with the years 1903–1916.
Annuals 22–42 were published annually and correlate with the years 1920–1940.
Annuals 43–56 were published annually and correlate with the years 1949–1962.
Annuals 57–69 were published annually and correlate with the years 1964–1976.
Annuals 70–74 were published annually and correlate with the years 1978–1982.
References
By Printers for Printers, Steve Hare, Eye magazine, No. 60, Vol. 15, Summer 2006.
See also
Richard Eckersley
Stanley Morison
Jan Tschichold
Notes
^Eye magazine, No. 60, Vol. 15, Summer 2006.
^Eye magazine, No. 60, Vol. 15, Summer 2006.
^Eye magazine, No. 60, Vol. 15, Summer 2006.
^Eye magazine, No. 60, Vol. 15, Summer 2006.
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Penrose_Annual”
Categories: Communication design | Graphic design | Typography
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This page was last modified on 30 January 2010 at 10:14.
